Effect of avocado/soybean unsaponifiables on periodontal repair in rats with arthritis and induced periodontitis

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) on periodontal repair in rats with induced periodontitis and arthritis. Methodology: Forty-five rats were submitted to periodontitis induction by insertion of ligatures into the upper second molars, maintained for 15 days. These animals were randomly allocated to 3 groups according to the presence of induced arthritis (ART) and the application of the ASU: Control (CTR) group-healthy animals, where saline solution was administered; ART-animals with induced arthritis, where saline solution was administered; ART/ASU-animals with induced arthritis, where ASU (0.6 mg/ kg) was administered. The drugs were administered daily by gavage and the animals were euthanized after 7, 15 and 30 days of the ligature removal. Bone resorption, inflammatory infiltrate composition and marker proteins expression of the differentiation and formation of osteoclasts (RANKL and TRAP) were assessed. Results: The ART/ASU group presented higher bone volume than the ART group at 7 and 30 days after the ligature removal. Furthermore, the ART group presented higher quantity of inflammatory cells and expression of TRAP and RANKL than the other groups. Conclusion: ASU administration improves the repair of periodontal tissues in an experimental periodontitis model in rats with induced arthritis.

Effects of avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) on the treatment of ligature-induced periodontitis in rats

Abstract The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) on the treatment of induced periodontitis in rats. Periodontitis was induced in 84 rats via ligature placement around the second upper molar, which was removed after 7 days, and scaling and root planning (SRP) was performed at this time. Subsequently, the rats were randomly allocated to four groups with 21 animals each: One SRP group in which saline solution was administered (SS), and three groups in which ASU was administered (0.6 g/kg/day), beginning either 7 days before the induction of periodontitis (SRP/ASU-7), on the day of periodontitis induction (SRP/ASU0), or on the day of treatment (SRP/ASU+7). ASU and SS were administered daily by gavage until the sacrifice of the animals (7, 15, and 30 days after SRP). The % bone in the furcation area was evaluated by histomorphometry and micro-CT. The expression of proteins (TRAP, RANKL, and alkaline phosphatase) and mRNA (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, RANKL, and alkaline phosphatase) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and qPCR. The SRP/ASU+7 group presented a higher percentage of bone fill in the furcation area and higher expression of alkaline phosphatase than in the SRP group (at 7 and 30 days, respectively). The SRP/ASU0 and SRP/ASU+7 groups presented lower expression levels of RANKL mRNA than the SRP and SRP/ASU-7 groups at 15 days. ASU administration on the day of the SRP treatment of the ligature-induced periodontitis promoted subtle beneficial effects on periodontal repair following the treatment of induced periodontitis within the experimental period of 7 days.

Etiologia e tratamento cirúrgico das recessões gengivais / Etiology and surgical treatment of gingival recessions

A migração apical da margem gengival com exposição da superfície radicular é denominada recessão gengival, possui alta prevalência na população e aumenta em quantidade e severidade com o passar dos anos. O tratamento desta alteração pode ser necessário, já que o paciente pode apresentar lesões cervicais cariosas ou não cariosas, hipersensibilidade dentinária cervical, controle inadequado de biofilme, perda de inserção periodontal progressiva e queixas estéticas. Existem diversas possibilidades de técnicas cirúrgicas para o tratamento da recessão gengival, e a combinação que mostra resultados mais favoráveis é a realização de um retalho posicionado coronalmente e um enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial. O objetivo deste artigo foi realizar uma revisão da literatura e apresentar um caso clínico acerca da etiologia, prognóstico e tratamento cirúrgico da recessão gengival.

Gingival recession is defi ned by the apical migration of the gingival margin exposing the root surface. This alteration presents a high prevalence in the population and increases in number and severity along the years. The treatment of this condition may be necessary since the patient may present carious or non-carious cervical lesions, cervical dentinal hypersensitivity, inadequate plaque control, progressive periodontal attachment loss and aesthetic complaints. There are several surgical techniques to treat gingival recessions and the procedure that shows more favorable results is the combination of a coronally positioned flap and a subepithelial connective tissue graft. The aim of this article is to review the literature and present a clinical case about the etiology, prognosis, and surgical treatment of gingival recession.

Utilização do extrato de óleo insaponificável de abacate e soja na osseointegração. Avaliação biomecânca, radiográfica, histológica e histomorfométrica em ratos / Using the oil extract of avocado and soybean unsaponifiables on osseointegration. Biomechanical evaluation, radiography, histology and histomorphometry in rats

Este estudo avaliou a influência da utilização do extrato de óleo insaponificável de abacate e soja na osseointegração de implantes. Foram utilizados implantes de titânio com 4 mm de comprimento por 2.2 mm de espessura, instalados nas tíbias de ratos. Os 30 ratos foram divididos randomicamente em três grupos: 1- instalação de implantes e administração de soro fisiológico; 2- administração do extrato de óleo insaponificável de abacate e soja 7 dias antes dos implantes; 3- instalação dos implantes e administração do extrato de óleo insaponificável de abacate e soja. O medicamento foi administrado por gavagem diariamente, durante 60 dias até o sacrifício. A avaliação se deu através de exames radiográficos (por densidade óssea/milímetro de alumínio), realizados no dia da instalação dos implantes e no dia do sacrifício; análise biomecânica; análise histomorfométrica de contato osso-implante e preenchimento ósseo entre as roscas dos implantes (regiões medulares e corticais ósseas); e análise histológica. O teste de Shapiro-Wilk foi aplicado para a verificação da normalidade dos dados, e o teste paramétrico ANOVA complementado pelo teste de Tukey foi utilizado para comparação dos dados. Todos os testes foram aplicados com nível de significância de 95%. Os resultados obtidos da análise radiográfica nas imagens iniciais, o grupo II apresentou menores valores de densidade tanto nas regiões de osso cortical como medular comparados aos grupos I e III. Entretanto, as razões de densidade radiográfica do osso nas imagens finais foram sem diferença estatística para todos os grupos. Na análise biomecânica não houve diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos. Na histologia descritiva e histometria, o grupo I apresentou menor contato osso-implante na área da cortical óssea em relação aos demais grupos. O extrato de óleo insaponificável de abacate e soja teve uma influência positiva na osseointegração dos implantes

This study evaluated the influence of the use of oil extract of avocado and soybean unsaponifiables on osseointegration of implants. Titanium implants used were 4 mm long by 2.2 mm thick, installed in the rat tibia. The 30 rats were randomly divided into three groups: 1 - implant placement and administration of saline, 2 - Administration of the extract oil of avocado and soybean unsaponifiable 7 days before the implants, 3 - implant placement and administration of the extract oil Avocado and soybean unsaponifiables. The drug was administered by gavage daily for 60 days until sacrifice.The evaluation was made by radiographic examination (for bone density / mm of aluminum), performed on the day of implant placement and the day of sacrifice, biomechanical, histomorphometric analysis of bone-implant contact and bone fill between the threads of the implants ( medullary and cortical bone regions), and histological analysis. The Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to verify the normality of the data, and parametric test ANOVA complemented by Tukey's test was used to compare the data. All tests were applied with a significance level of 95%. The results of radiographic images in the initial group II had lower density in the regions of cortical bone marrow as compared to groups I and III. However, the reasons for radiographic density of bone in the final images were no statistically significant difference for all groups. In biomechanical analysis no statistical differences between groups. Histologically descriptive and histometric analysis, group I showed lower bone-implant contact in the area of cortical bone in relation to other groups. The extract oil unsaponifiable of avocado and soybean had a positive influence on osseointegration of implants

Tecido ósseo homólogo para utilização em Odontologia / Allogenic bone tissue used in dental practice: literature review

O uso de enxertos ósseos provenientes de bancos de tecidos, também conhecidos como enxertos homólogos, tem aumentado nos últimos anos, embora a maioria dos usuários deste biomaterial ainda apresente dúvidas em relação à sua captação e processamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi fazer uma revisão da literatura sobre a utilização do osso homólogo em Odontologia, bem como sobre a legislação envolvida na utilização desse material. Estudos sobre fatores como métodos de seleção dos doadores, riscos de infecção cruzada e técnicas de processamento deste biomaterial ainda são escassos, porém, fundamentais para que, aliados àqueles sobre a aplicabilidade do mesmo, embasem a sua utilização clínica.

The use of bone grafts from bone tissue banks, also known as bone allografts, has increased in the last years, although most of its users still have concerns on resources and processing protocols. The objective of this paper was to make a literature review about the use of bone allografts in Dentistry, and also about the legal considerations regarding this biomaterial. Studies regarding the donor selection, the cross-infection risks and processing protocols of this biomaterial are still rare but essential, and allied to those regarding its clinical application, can base its use.